What is the significance of the reported size of the ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS)? Patients with higher grade DCIS may need additional treatment.
DCIS that is intermediate grade, is nuclear grade 2, or has an intermediate mitotic rate falls in between these two. DCIS that is low grade, is nuclear grade 1, or has a low mitotic rate is less likely to come back after surgery. DCIS that is high grade, is nuclear grade 3, or has a high mitotic rate is more likely to come back (recur) after it is removed with surgery. These are all different ways of describing how the DCIS looks under the microscope: What does it mean if my ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is described as being low grade, intermediate grade, or high grade or nuclear grade 1, nuclear grade 2, or nuclear grade 3 or low mitotic rate, intermediate mitotic rate, or high mitotic rate? Your doctor should discuss this with you. Some of these are linked to a higher chance that the DCIS may come back after treatment, so finding them may change your treatment. These terms are used to describe certain ways that the DCIS looks under the microscope. What does it mean if my report describes my ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) as being cribriform, micropapillary, apocrine, comedo, with comedonecrosis, papillary, or solid? If your report does not mention E-cadherin, it means that this test was not needed to make the distinction. What does it mean if my report mentions E-cadherin?Į-cadherin is a test that the pathologist might use to help determine if the carcinoma in situ is ductal or lobular. In some cases, radiation (radiotherapy) or hormone therapy (like tamoxifen) is given after surgery to lower the chance that it will come back later (recur) or that invasive carcinoma will occur. Treatment is aimed at getting rid of all the DCIS, usually by surgery. We don’t think that all DCIS would go on to become invasive cancer, but we can’t tell which DCIS would be safe to leave untreated. Still, we don’t really understand it well. If DCIS is left untreated, it can go on to become an invasive cancer, so it is often called a pre-cancer. In-situ carcinoma with duct and lobular features means that the in-situ carcinoma looks like DCIS in some ways and LCIS in some ways (when looked at under the microscope), and so the pathologist can’t call it one or the other. Sometimes DCIS and LCIS are both found in the same biopsy. Intraductal carcinoma is another name for ductal carcinoma in-situ. 
There are 2 main types of in-situ carcinoma of the breast: ductal carcinoma in-situ (DCIS) and lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS). What does it mean if my in-situ carcinoma is called ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), intraductal carcinoma, or in-situ carcinoma with duct and lobular features? In an invasive carcinoma, the tumor cells can spread (metastasize) to other parts of your body. Once the carcinoma cells have grown and broken out of the ducts or lobules, it is called invasive or infiltrating carcinoma. As long as the carcinoma cells are still confined to the breast ducts or lobules, and do not break out and grow into surrounding tissue, it is considered in-situ carcinoma (also known as carcinoma in situ, or CIS). Cancer starts in the cells lining the ducts or lobules, when a normal cell becomes a carcinoma cell. The normal breast is made of tiny tubes (ducts) that end in a group of sacs (lobules). This term is used for the earliest stage of breast cancer, when it is confined to the layer of cells where it began. What is in-situ carcinoma (or carcinoma in situ) of the breast? Nearly all breast cancers are carcinomas. This is a term used to describe a cancer that begins in the lining layer (epithelial cells) of organs like the breast. An excision biopsy is much like a type of breast-conserving surgery called a lumpectomy. An excision biopsy removes the entire abnormal area, often with some of the surrounding normal tissue.
In a needle biopsy, a needle is used to remove a sample of an abnormal area. The questions and answers that follow are meant to help you understand medical language you might find in the pathology report from a breast biopsy, such as a needle biopsy or an excision biopsy. Information in this report will be used to help manage your care. The pathologist sends your doctor a report that gives a diagnosis for each sample taken. When your breast was biopsied, the samples taken were studied under the microscope by a specialized doctor with many years of training called a pathologist. Understanding Your Pathology Report: Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS)
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